Module
Intermediate9 min

The major scale formula

Concept

The major scale is built from a single pattern of whole and half steps: W-W-H-W-W-W-H. Start on any note, follow that pattern, and you get a major scale.

The formula in detail

Starting from any note, count: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. That's 7 notes (the 8th is the octave).

In C: C (W) D (W) E (H) F (W) G (W) A (W) B (H) C. In G: G (W) A (W) B (H) C (W) D (W) E (W) F# (H) G — the F# appears because B→C is already a half step, so the next whole step has to land on F#.

Why C is the 'easy' key

C major contains no sharps or flats — only the natural letters A through G. It's the only major key with that property. Every other major key adds at least one sharp or flat to satisfy the W-W-H-W-W-W-H pattern.

Scale shapes on guitar

Because the pattern is fixed, the FINGERING shape of a major scale starting on the 6th string is the same for every key — you just slide it. Learn one shape, get all 12 keys for free.

123456789101112EBGDAEEF#GABCDEBCDEF#GABGABCDEF#GDEF#GABCDABCDEF#GAEF#GABCDE

Key takeaways

  • W-W-H-W-W-W-H. Memorize it.
  • C major = all natural notes. Every other key adds accidentals.
  • One fingering shape moves all 12 major keys around the neck.

Glossary

Leading tone
The 7th scale degree. It pulls strongly up to the tonic.
Accidental
A sharp, flat, or natural that adjusts a note outside the key signature.

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